Tympanoplasty, medically known as eardrum repair surgery, is a surgical procedure performed to repair a damaged or perforated eardrum (tympanic membrane). The eardrum is a thin layer of tissue that separates the middle ear from the external ear canal and plays an essential role in the hearing process. When damaged, it can lead to hearing loss and recurrent infections.
Before the procedure, the condition of the patient’s ear and the degree of hearing loss are evaluated. The necessity of the surgery and the most appropriate technique are determined.
The operation is usually performed under general anesthesia, although in some cases local anesthesia may be preferred. The patient does not feel pain or discomfort during the surgery.
Using an operating microscope, the surgeon examines the eardrum and middle ear structures. The perforation or tear in the eardrum is repaired with a suitable graft material. The graft is placed either under or over the eardrum to initiate the healing process. Once the graft is in place, the surgical site is closed with sutures. A tampon or dressing may be placed in the ear canal to support healing.
Recovery after tympanoplasty may take several weeks. During the first few days, mild pain and discomfort can be expected. A sensation of fullness in the ear, slight bleeding, or discharge may also occur, which is normal.
Your surgeon will provide detailed instructions on what to do during the recovery period. You will also need to take certain precautions to prevent infection and keep the ear dry.
As with any surgical procedure, tympanoplasty carries certain risks. These may include mild bleeding during or after surgery, complications related to anesthesia, and in rare cases, dizziness if middle ear structures are affected.
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